2015年7月25日 星期六
Yuval Noah Harari: What explains the rise of humans?
What is the determinant of human rising? If we put one human and one chimpanzee into a lonely island and observe who would survive better. Most of us would vote for chimpanzees. But why we human beings still can control the world? Yuval Noah Harari is a historian. In this talk, he tried to explain this phenomenon to us. Yuval believes the crucial factor is that human beings can cooperate flexibly in very large numbers. Throughout the human history, all the major achievements are done based on large-scale cooperation. Even though some species like chimpanzee has cooperative behavior, they cannot cooperate in large numbers. In contrast, species like bees and ants cooperate in large number very well, but their cooperation model is very rigid. What enables us to evolve to cooperate in such way? Yuval believes imagination is the key, a determinant which enables humankind cooperating flexibly in very large numbers. Imagination makes us think in unprecedented ways and to communicate with each other. This capability gives mankind a power to forge common fiction reality like religions, money, and nations, etc... By the speaker's definition, fiction reality is something which is built upon objective reality. In fact, most legal systems today in the world are built based on the belief of human beings. On the other hand, most of the species live in an objective reality world. They only can perceive the world through their sensors given by mother nature. The speaker believes this is why human beings superior to other species.
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